In 1918 American troops participated in the Allied intervention in Russia on behalf of anti-Bolshevik forces. The United States and Great Britain fought against the Bolsheviks, unsuccessfully, between 19. Suspicion and hostility thus characterized relations between the Soviets and the West long before the Second World War made them reluctant allies in the struggle against Nazi Germany. In 1918, the United States joined briefly and unenthusiastically in an unsuccessful Allied attempt to topple the revolutionary Soviet regime. Western governments generally understood communism to be an international movement whose adherents forswore all national allegiance in favor of transnational communism, but in practice received their orders from and were loyal to Moscow. As he wrote in his August 1918 Open Letter to the American Workers, "We are now, as it were, in a besieged fortress, waiting for the other detachments of the world socialist revolution to come to our relief." For Vladimir Lenin, the leader of that revolution, such gains were imperative. The Cold War can be said to have begun in 1917, with the emergence in Russia of a revolutionary Bolshevik regime devoted to spreading communism throughout the industrialized world. Lenin considered itself the spearhead of an international movement that would replace the existing political orders in the West, and indeed throughout the world. The Cold War grew out of longstanding conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States that developed after the Russian Revolution of 1917. The term "Cold War" was first used in 1947 by Bernard Baruch, senior advisor to Harry Truman, the 33rd president of the United States, in reference to the frequently occurring and exacerbating crises between the United States and the former Soviet Union, despite having fought side-by-side against Nazi Germany in the Second World War. Or they tried to make each other look foolish. They threatened and denounced each other.
They played havoc with conflicts in different parts of the world. So, instead, they fought each other indirectly.
In such a "hot war," nuclear weapons might destroy everything. The Cold war got its name because both sides were afraid of fighting each other directly.
The main Cold War enemies were the United States and the Soviet Union. The Cold War was the most important political and diplomatic issue of the later half of the 20th Century. By another account, the Cold War began in 1917 with the Bolshevik Revolution, and ended in 1991 with the collapse of the Soviet Union, having been a conflict between Bolshevism and Democracy. By one reckoning, the Cold War began in the 1945-1948 timeframe, and ended in 1989, having been a dispute over the division of Europe. Dating the end of the Cold War requires dating its beginning, which requires defining what it was about.
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